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| Abdominal | belonging to or affecting the abdomen (portion of the body which lies between the chest and the pelvis) |
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| Acid reflux | backward flow of the stomach contents into the esophagus (muscular tube through which ingested food passes from the mouth area to the stomach). Acid reflux is due to improper functioning of a sphincter, a circular muscle which normally maintains constriction at the lower end of the esophagus. Acid reflux results in heartburn |
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| Acute | of abrupt onset. It often refers to an illness that is of short duration, rapidly progressive, and in need of urgent care |
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| Adverse reaction | An unwanted effect caused by the administration of a drug. The onset of the adverse reaction may be sudden or develop over time |
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| Airway | the path air follows to get into and out of the lungs. The mouth and nose are the normal entry and exit ports. Entering air then passes through the back of the throat (pharynx), continues through the voice box (larynx), down the trachea, and finally out the branching tubes known as bronchi |
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| Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency | inherited disorder that results in low or no production of a protein called alpha-1 antitrypsin. This deficiency leads to damage of various organs, principally the lungs and liver. Symptoms can surface at a very early age or in adulthood and relate to the lungs (with shortness of breath) or the liver |
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| Alveoli | any of the small thin-walled air-containing compartments of the lung that are typically arranged in saclike clusters |
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| Angina | any spasmodic, choking, or suffocative pain on the chest |
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| Apnea | cessation of breathing |
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| Arterial blood gas | measure the pH (acidity), oxygen content,and carbon dioxide content of the blood. The test is performed by collecting a sample of blood from an artery using a small needle. The sample is then sent to the laboratory for analysis |
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| Asthma | is a disease of the respiratory system in which the airways constrict, become inflamed, and are lined with excessive amounts of mucus, often in response to one or more "triggers," such as exposure to an environmental stimulant (or allergen), cold air, exercise, or emotional stress |
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Glossary V2.0 |
